![]() ![]() ![]() The results showed that the inclusion of coffee grounds could increase the apparent porosity and water absorption. Clay pastes containing 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% coffee grounds were used to mold ceramic samples. evaluated the potential application of incorporating SCG in clay to manufacture ceramic bricks. From an engineering material perspective, the high organic content, low maximum dry densities, and high optimum moisture content restrict the usage of this material to non-structural fill applications where the material will not have to sustain high traffic loadings. From an environmental perspective, coffee grounds were found to pose no environmental and leaching issues for use as an embankment fill material. have investigated the application of SCG as a non-structural road fill material. Ĭoncerning mechanical and environmental tests, Arulrajah et al. Due to their interesting physical and chemical properties, there are several possibilities of SCG recovery and reuse, and some authors highlighted their potential in the civil engineering domain. As a result, large quantities of SCG are incinerated, and stored in landfills, potentially releasing harmful substances such as polyphenol and tannin into the environment. Six million tons of coffee grounds are produced per day worldwide. Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are the solid-waste products of coffee consumption. The coffee life cycle from beans to spent grounds is described in Figure 1. The SCA (Specialty Coffee Association) estimates 300 kg of coffee consumption per second. ![]() According to the International Coffee Organization, the world coffee consumption corresponded to 166.3 million 60 kg bags in 2020–2021 the first exporting country being Brazil (50.7 million 60 kg-bags) and the first importing country being the European Union (40.2 million 60 kg-bags). It provides a daily income for 135 million people, including 20 to 25 million small producers in more than 50 developing countries. This process should reduce the carbon footprint of buildings throughout their life cycle, from construction to demolition, while ensuring optimal comfort for occupants.Ĭoffee is the second-largest market in the world after oil and a highly traded beverage consumed worldwide. According to this rationale, the French environmental regulation RE2020, which comes into force in 2021, should make the use of wood and bio-based materials almost systematic by 2030, including for single-family homes and small apartment buildings, according to the Ministry of Ecological Transition. It is the reason why, in the concept of circular economy, raw or byproducts from renewable resources such as hemp, beet bulb, cork, typha, straw, miscanthus, and flax are studied by transforming low added value co-products into a valuable source of materials in the construction field. The role of such composite materials is to reduce the consumption of fossil-based materials, limit greenhouse gas emissions, and create new economic sectors. The groundwork was laid for an initial reflection on how this composite would behave in two opposite climates: the continental climate of Reims in France and the tropical climate of Belém in Brazil.Īs a result, successive thermal regulation governmental policies developed since the first oil crisis are pushing towards eco responsibility by considering ecofriendly composite materials in different building applications in line with a sustainable development approach. Mechanical, thermal, and acoustic performances depend on the moisture environment. This bio-sourced material presented a sufficient compressive mechanical behavior for non-load-bearing structures and a sufficient mechanical capacity to be shaped into building bricks. Acoustical tests revealed absorption coefficients in the same range as other conventional materials used in building acoustical comfort. Based on thermal conductivity and diffusivity tests, the coffee grounds waste biocomposite was characterized as an insulating material comparable with conventional thermal insulation materials of plant origin. In this perspective, the mechanical, thermal insulation, and the sound absorption performances of a spent coffee grounds/potato starch bio-based composite were analyzed for potential application in buildings. The gradual development of government policies for ecological transition in the modern construction sector leads researchers to explore new alternative and low environmental impact materials with a particular focus on bio-sourced materials. ![]()
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